Do-it-yourself garage - review of the best construction technologies, layout, diagrams, drawings, 100 photos, new designs, reviews and secrets of the master

Own garage on the site: the need to build

A roomy and spacious garage can be easily located on your own plot of land, next to the house or estate, ensuring its simple intended use.

The need for construction is determined by the operational capabilities of such a structure and the benefits from the implemented project, which helps to take care of the vehicle:

Protecting the car from adverse weather conditions and organizing convenient and accessible storage of vehicles in a locked and supervised room.

Possibility to equip the garage with shelving and storage systems to use the garage as an outbuilding where tools and equipment, inventory and spare parts are stored.

Carrying out repair work of any type in a closed and protected room, when the necessary tools, components and spare parts, and consumables are at hand.

Distribution of free and functional space in the garage with the allocation of a work area where you can practice your favorite hobby or creativity using different materials and technologies.

A lockable and properly designed garage, with an additional heating system and artificial lighting, guarantees comfortable storage of vehicles.

In such a construction, it is possible to ensure a long service life of any type of vehicle, with the ability to maintain the attractive appearance of the paintwork.

Three main preliminary stages

So, you have decided to build a garage, what should you do first?

Land plot

First you need to determine the location of the future building and what type of garage will be built (see How to choose a garage: types of garages and the material used).

Garages are divided into:

• Temporary (without a foundation) , which can be built on land leased (see Land for a garage: how to rent), or owned by you under other rights. Such garages can be moved to another location if a controversial situation arises.

Construction of a permanent garage on a foundation

• Capital (with a foundation) , which are built only on a site owned by the owner. If such a garage is built on territory owned by the administration of the locality, then the management, if necessary, may require the demolition of the building.

If the construction site is already owned, then there will be no problems with the law; you do not need to obtain permission for it. But there is one nuance - if we are talking about a garage, and not about a car service center or a two-story garage box, this is a different story and another instruction defining the necessary documents and permits.

Where to start building a garage if the land is not officially registered? With the privatization of the site (see Privatization of the land under the garage and all about it), otherwise the erected garage will be considered an unauthorized development and then it is almost impossible to obtain ownership of it, and no one will return the money spent on construction if the administration demands the demolition of the garage.

Construction of a garage near a house, in a country house or in a garden, provided that the site is owned, is possible without any prohibitions or restrictions.

Before building a garage, the site must be legalized

If there is no land available yet, then you can purchase a plot for construction as follows:

• Buy, but you need to know that a non-privatized acquired plot located in a garage cooperative is the property of an organization or local government, and in order to get it for individual use, you will have to run around a lot, proving your right in court, or buy it again from shared ownership of a garage cooperative. And it’s not a fact that all the troubles will end in victory.

Important! Buy only a privatized plot for the construction of a garage, otherwise you will not be able to register the building for your own use.

• Contact the administration with an application for the provision of a land plot for the construction of a garage.

This is a long-term procedure, you will have to be patient, and as a result it may turn out that within the boundaries of the settlement there is no longer free land for development, only on the outskirts or outside the city. That's all about the land for the garage, now let's talk about the construction itself.

Project, drawing or sketch

Garage project for one car

Where does the construction of a garage begin? With design documentation, which you can order from a specialized organization or do it yourself. For an experienced craftsman who is familiar with construction first-hand, a simple sketch drawn according to his taste and preferences is enough.

But if you have no idea about construction, and have never seen the drawings, then you shouldn’t take risks, it’s better to entrust this matter to specialists. The price of such a service is low, and a high-quality project is the key to the durability, strength and reliability of the future building.

Experienced craftsmen will take into account all the features and nuances of the building site, check the soil, and take the necessary measurements to determine the depth of freezing and the presence of groundwater. If this is not done, then there is a risk of flooding of the basement or inspection hole in the off-season. Specialists will develop a project in accordance with the data received, regulatory requirements and your wishes.

Selection and calculation of the required amount of material

Brick garage with pitched roof

Where to start building a garage? From the choice of materials (see What to build a garage from), the cost and construction time depend on this stage. If you have selected some type of material, but it is not available, then waiting for delivery will delay the work indefinitely, or purchasing expensive material may have a negative impact on your wallet, as a result you will have to take out a loan or borrow something.

In order to properly distribute your funds, you need to know how much and what will be needed throughout the construction. Otherwise, it will turn out that the bulk of the sum has been spent on excavation work and the construction of walls, and there is nothing left to continue and complete the construction, but there is still a heap of unclaimed brick or cement left. Of course, all this can be sold, but time is lost, and the amount received will be much less than spent.

Therefore, you need to realistically determine your capabilities, purchase the material in the right quantity and according to your wallet. All this can be calculated from the drawing.

The garage consists of the following structures:

Monolithic strip foundation for a garage

1. Foundation.

According to the project, we measure the perimeter of the building, multiply it by the width and depth of the foundation, and get the volume of concrete that will have to be laid. If these are blocks or bricks, then we divide the entire resulting volume by the volume of one block, we get pieces. In addition, we definitely take into account the metal for reinforcing the foundation.

Important! When calculating, we add 10–15% to the total amount for unforeseen expenses (battle, defects, losses, etc.).

2. Walls.

The calculation is made according to the same scheme: the area of ​​​​all walls is multiplied by their thickness and divided by the volume of one block or brick. If it is sheet material, then divide the area of ​​the walls by the area of ​​one sheet and add additional percentages. Here we also add the reinforcement necessary to reinforce the masonry.

3. Roof.

For a gable, you will need to calculate the frame, this can also be done according to the project, for a single-pitch - taking into account the floor slabs. Then the roofing material is calculated by the roof surface area, which is divided by the area of ​​one sheet or by the square meters of one roll.

Fused roofing on a garage made of rolled materials

After calculating the main amount of material, it is necessary to take into account fasteners, boards for formwork and installation of scaffolding, concrete or mortar for constructing the floor, blind area, area around the garage, as well as insulation, interior and exterior decoration of the garage. You can make a garage door yourself or purchase ready-made ones, but the money spent must also be taken into account in the materials calculation column.

You should not ignore consumables, such as axial threads for breaking out the area, wooden or metal pegs, gloves, tools for laying concrete, erecting walls, installing roofing (shovels, hammers, trowels, power tools, etc.). It’s good if all this is available, but if not, then purchasing it will require considerable costs.

If you can’t determine the required amount of material yourself, then many construction sites provide a free service - a calculator that will give you all the calculations for any structure in a minute; just enter your garage data in a special table.

Garage roof

A simple roof for a garage can be of different types and types; the most common are shed roofs, the plane of which is located at a certain angle.

A correctly selected angle of inclination ensures self-cleaning of the roof from plant debris, debris and dust, rainwater or snow, which simplifies the overall maintenance of the building.

Suitable materials: wood, metal, sheets, panels

Unlike residential buildings, the garage has several features:

• It is not necessary to maintain a constant temperature at 18...25 degrees Celsius. According to SNiP 02/21/99, for heated garages 5 degrees Celsius is taken as the norm; for unheated garages this parameter is not standardized. At the same time, in case of frequent need for urgent departure, the use of heating is recommended;
• constant supply and exhaust ventilation is required. In fact, this requirement is only met for sealed rooms, since there is no possibility of natural ventilation;
• No sound insulation is acceptable. It is required only if the garage is adjacent to residential premises or there are recreation areas nearby.

There is a requirement that is just as important for a garage as for a regular home: high-quality waterproofing. Moreover, unlike residential buildings, here the requirements for a certain level of humidity are especially stringent, since even high-quality cars and other equipment (as well as materials and equipment traditionally stored in the garage) quickly corrode at high humidity and can fail.

It is impossible to meet fire safety requirements in garages made of wood and wood-based panels and slabs: even impregnation with fire retardants does not provide a complete guarantee of non-flammability.

As a conclusion, we can recommend the following materials for the construction of frame garages:

• timber, board, lining. Impregnation with an antiseptic and, if possible, a fire retardant is necessary; surface protection in the form of several layers of paint or varnish is desirable;
• wooden frame (timber, board) covered with OSB, chipboard, fibreboard, MDF, siding;
• rolled metal (profile pipe, angle, channel, strip) covered with slab materials or siding;
• rolled metal covered with corrugated sheets;
• mineral (stone, basalt) wool, glass wool as insulation or expanded polystyrene/foam for cladding.

For roofing, roll materials with mandatory overlap and additional waterproofing, as well as metal tiles, are often used.

Inspection hole

A comfortable and fairly spacious garage with a pit and a rack is the dream of every car owner who spends a lot of time near vehicles.

The inspection pit is a unique building element of the structure, which is necessary for carrying out repair and maintenance work and is subject to a number of requirements:

• convenience of being inside, the presence of a conveniently designed staircase and sufficient free space;
• small shelves should be installed in the inspection pit to accommodate tools and a lighting ramp;
• It is mandatory for the inspection pit to have a ventilation system, which is necessary according to safety requirements.

To comply with the increased safety requirements for the operation of a garage building, the inspection pit should not always remain open.

When it is not used for its intended purpose, it is covered with special boards or doors that can withstand high weight and prevent accidents.

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It is not recommended to store harvested vegetables and fruits in an inspection hole; even minor liquid evaporations can cause car damage.

Evaporating moisture is deposited in the form of condensation on the bottom of vehicles, which leads to metal corrosion, even if it has an anti-corrosion coating.

What tools and specials? equipment may be needed for the entire process of installing an arched hangar

Installation of an arched hangar is a relatively easy process in which you can do without special cranes.

The standard required set of equipment includes:

• folding machine for bending the edges of metal profiles;
• concrete mixer if the foundation is piled;
• a supply of buckets, shovels and trowels, wheelbarrows;
• building level;
• electric arc welding machine – for installation of end walls;
• hammer drill, drill, set of wrenches;
• Circular Saw;
• hammers, sledgehammers, crowbars;
• construction ropes.

The list of equipment may increase if you decide to install communication networks yourself, as well as additionally insulate the hangar. To deliver materials to the construction site, you will need to hire trucks.

Garage Doors

Through the gate, the car and its owner enter the building, and garage doors are used to protect the structure from entry by third parties.

Convenient garage doors are presented by manufacturers in a wide range of different designs, differing in the opening method:

• hinged, take up maximum space when open and are quite inconvenient when opening or closing;
• sliding, the design of these gates includes wheels that provide easy opening of the doors without much effort;
• roller doors, one or more sections of garage doors open upward due to a mechanical or electric drive.

To automate the process of controlling garage doors, modern electric drive devices are used.

Many garage door systems are complemented by modern equipment that can be operated using a remote control without leaving the car or leaving the garage.

Minimum number of workers and terms of construction of an arched hangar

Seven to twelve people can assemble a small arched hangar in just one day. Three-day construction will require a team of five workers. Construction time and the amount of labor depend on the established dimensions of the hangar, the need for insulation, and the characteristics of the area for installation.

Now you know how to build an arched hangar yourself. The installation process is not complicated if carried out step by step, but it requires sufficient experience and the availability of all the necessary tools.

Ventilation system

A high-quality and efficient air exchange system is mandatory in a garage; without it, it is impossible to operate the building in a safe and comfortable manner.

For garage buildings, you can choose different structural elements and equipment; the type of ventilation provided will depend on this:

• natural or general exchange, based on simple air circulation;
• forced, including fans and hoods, check valves and filters.

The best option for a garage structure remains forced ventilation, which can be supply or exhaust, supply and exhaust.

Thanks to well-established air exchange and forced circulation of air masses, a comfortable microclimate is always maintained in the room, with clean air free of harmful impurities and unpleasant odors.

Video description

Watch the video for garage projects made from SIP panels:

From corrugated sheets

A universal material that is suitable for the construction of sheds and fences, as well as garages. But it is worth remembering that not all sheets are suitable. When choosing corrugated sheeting, look for the marking “C - 20” - it means that it is “intended for walls” and has a hardness of 20. The higher this number, the stronger the sheet will be.

Garage made of corrugated sheets on a metal frame Source bjorklidens.se

If you decide to save on building materials, under no circumstances use grade 8 sheets. Although they will cost less, their characteristics are absolutely not suitable for construction. The main disadvantages are: short service life, lack of frost protection and terrible wind resistance.

How to build a garage from corrugated sheets:

• During construction, first of all, a monolithic foundation is prepared. Then the wooden formwork is erected. Rebar rods are attached to it. Then the racks of the frame structure are installed. To prevent them from bending, they are leveled using a level and filled with concrete. Usually they use M300; for these conditions this is the best option.

Monolithic foundation Source kromvel.net

Existing types of garages by type of construction

Looking at the photos of the garage inside and out, you can see that such buildings may differ in different types of construction, which is ensured by the following classification:

• capital, installed on a pre-arranged foundation;
• combined, for such garages there is no need to make a foundation;
• temporary, mobile buildings moved around the site.

Compact, mobile temporary garages are great for replacing indoor or outdoor parking in a country house; for a private home, it is better to choose permanent structures.

Some notes

A garage is a special type of property because its use can be very diverse. Although it is usually built for a car, but in fact, even if there is no car, a garage can be useful.

When choosing a suitable standard project, it is important to consider that its construction should bring the owner not only moral satisfaction, but also benefits Source yandex.ru

This could be a utility room, a recreation area, a place for temporary residence, or a starting point for starting your own business.

The choice of the option for its construction should be made in such a way as not to bring disappointment in various scenarios.

Classification of buildings by method of placement and design

Depending on the method of placement on the site, there are different types of garages, which differ in appearance and construction features:

• free-standing, representing a separate and isolated structure;
• attached, the load-bearing wall of such a building can be the wall of a residential building;
• built-in garages are most often located on the ground floor of a house or in its basement.

Depending on the design of the structure and the chosen type, you can determine what to make the garage from; for this you can use metal and wood, brick and foam blocks.

Accounting for building codes

As when creating a project for other structures, in this case certain building codes must be observed. If you follow them, you can simplify the search for solutions to emerging problems and eliminate the possibility of making a serious mistake. Standards for construction work are specified in:

1. SNiP from 2003.
2. SNiP from 1991.

The first discusses issues of ventilation and heating, the second deals with the features of parking a car.

Among other recommendations for the design stage, we note the following points:

1. At the very beginning, you should consider how much money can be spent on construction. In this case, the indicator is taken with a larger margin in case of unexpected expenses.
2. The next step is to determine the type of garage space: freestanding, built-in or attached. Also, do not forget that this building may have several floors.
3. When planning, the requirement to ensure free access is taken into account.
4. Attention is also paid to the material selection stage.
5. Each individual part of the structure is designed separately, but taking into account the established requirements. Let's take the following as an example: the type of the most suitable foundation depends not only on the characteristics of the soil, but also on the number of storeys of the structure, the type of roofing materials used, and so on.

Let's consider the design of each structural element of the garage in more detail.

Important points when planning

A brick garage for 2 cars will cost more.
After making a decision regarding the type of building, you need to decide on its technical parameters.

• How many cars can the building accommodate? The simplest option is one off-road vehicle. At the same time, it is necessary to assess the prospects for the coming years. We should not forget about the guests, whose equipment also needs protection from cold, hail, and simply from hooligans.
• The feasibility of constructing a viewing hole. It will be required if vehicle owners are well versed in their design and can carry out maintenance themselves. If they use the services of a service station, they should not build a pit. In such cases, it will be a collector of garbage, groundwater, insects and amphibians.
• Calculation of sizes. For a standard passenger car, the standard is a room of 4x6x2.5 meters. For a jeep, another 50 cm is added on each side. If the garage block is designed for two cars, it will be more convenient to arrange them side by side than in a column. When you plan to use part of the garage for a warehouse or workshop, you need to add at least 100 cm on one side for equipment and the movement of the master.

After considering all the options, it is advisable to check their compliance with the size and configuration of the site, the presence of sufficient area and room for maneuvering.

Let's sum it up

A polycarbonate car garage is a practical building. It does not shade the area, is inexpensive, lasts a long time and is easy to install. To install a garage or shed, you need:

• calculate snow load and slope;
• make a simple foundation of concrete support pillars;
• make a frame with a gate;
• sew up the frame with profiled or cellular polycarbonate.

Not counting the waiting time for the concrete to gain strength, a garage can be built from start to finish in 2-3 days. This is not even close to comparable to the construction time of standard brick buildings, so a polycarbonate shed or garage is well suited for those who need shelter for their car now, and not in a couple of months.