I wonder what flower, from a botanical point of view, was discussed in the fairy tale “The Scarlet Flower”? Surely there are different versions, but connoisseurs of beauty will say: “Of course, the fairy tale was about a rose!” One of the most beautiful flowers, combining an attractive aroma, tenderness, chic and regal appearance. Every lover of floriculture sooner or later faces the question of how to grow a rose so that it pleases the eye with both numerous flowers and glossy elastic foliage. So that you can successfully create a pink paradise at home or on your property, we offer a number of useful information about roses and tips for growing them.
To grow a rose, you need to spend time and effort.
Is it possible to grow roses at home?
Not everyone has a plot of land at their disposal, but every apartment has a window sill. It is this that can be turned into a blooming rose garden. For this there are several varieties of roses, which include a wide variety of varieties:
- Miniature : 10 to 30 cm high with dark green leaves. This beauty will bloom almost all year round, except for the winter months. The flowers are double and small.
- Tea : 40−50 cm, distinguished by a variety of shades and long-term flowering.
- Bengal : the most suitable roses for living in an apartment. The height does not exceed 50 cm. The flowers are very fragrant. The lush bush bears white, red or pink flowers.
- Polyanthus : 40−50 cm. Flower colors are mainly cream or pink. Abundant flowering over a long period.
It’s easy to choose a variety of roses, but only an attentive person who loves his mini-rose garden can take proper care of it.
Yellow home rose in a pot
Description of species
Various species of this crop form bushes of various shapes - from compact and narrow pyramidal to wide and spreading. The height of the rose bush also depends on the species and varies from 0.25 to 3 meters.
The leaves are dark green, dense, odd-pinnate with a serrated edge. The peduncle reaches from 0.1 to 1 m, the flowers are of different sizes - from 2 to 18 cm in diameter, surprising in the variety of shapes and colors. Depending on the variety, they can have 5 or 120 petals, be single or part of an inflorescence consisting of a different number of flowers (from 3 to 200).
Flower shape plays a role in the formation of species. There are pompom, flat, peony, saucer, bowl, cone, spherical and other roses. The color of the buds evokes the admiration of not only amateurs, but also professionals: these colors combine all the colors of the world, except ultramarine shades.
Ways to grow roses
The rose you admired in someone else’s garden is not always purchased from a nursery. After all, most varieties of these wonderful flowers can be grown independently, albeit with some effort. This is how you can quite easily replenish your collection of the queen of flowers.
Roses are usually grown in the following ways:
- using seeds;
- using cuttings.
There are others, but they are less successful, so we won’t waste your time and focus on already proven methods.
How to grow a rose from seeds
Step-by-step instructions for growing roses from seeds:
- We disinfect the seeds: put the planting material in a container and pour 3% hydrogen peroxide into it for 20 minutes. This action is necessary to prevent the formation of mold. Those seeds that float to the surface are immediately removed. At the end of soaking, the peroxide is drained.
- After this, a long period of stratification is carried out - by recreating the natural wintering conditions of the seeds, we accelerate their germination. To do this, take a shallow container and line its bottom with a cloth well moistened with hydrogen peroxide. Seed material is laid out on it. The same damp cloth is placed on top. The so-called substrate is wrapped in polyethylene and placed in the lower vegetable compartment of the refrigerator for 1.5-2 months. Storage temperature - from +5 to +8 degrees.
- If you purchased several varieties of a flower, then the seeds are laid out separately, by variety, indicating the date of planting, stratification and name.
- Once a week, be sure to check the substrate and remove moldy seeds. They will no longer germinate and will become a source of mold growth.
- The sprouted seeds are placed one at a time in pots with moist, loose, nutritious soil. The place where the pots are installed should not be hot and without direct sunlight. You can fence off an army of tiny sprouts with foil from a heating radiator.
- Further care and growing of roses at home from seeds involves regular watering, loosening and fertilizing.
ATTENTION!
When purchasing a bag of Queen of the Garden seeds, keep in mind that 50% of success depends on the quality of the seed material!
How to root a rose from a bouquet
A true lover of these flowers will never throw away a bouquet of withered roses. This is a kind of challenge to the skill and diligence of the florist. Growing a rose from cuttings is not as difficult as it seems at first glance. Cuttings from donated roses produce the most beloved bushes, reminiscent of a pleasant event in the life of the owner.
You can root a rose from a bouquet in various ways.
How to cut roses correctly
Cutting a rose from a bouquet at home takes place in several stages:
- Recommended deadlines for work.
Nature has its own timing for plant reproduction. The most optimal period for cutting cuttings is the end of June - beginning of July. The cuttings that have taken root will have time to grow in the soil and prepare the plant for wintering.
Autumn cuttings are possible if you have a well-heated greenhouse with ventilation or a place in the house where young plants can grow stronger and quietly develop their root system.
- Selection of source material.
Not all roses take cuttings successfully. You should not waste time on climbing varieties with large flowers, as well as park and hybrid tea varieties.
We advise you to choose only green cuttings, no older than one year and without a flower, if you cut them from a bush . If you are cutting a plant from a bouquet, then take shoots at least 1 cm thick, but you will have to tear off the flower and cut off the foliage in half.
Inspect the shoots of the plant: axillary buds should be formed on the ones we need. Long shoots are cut in such a way that each cutting has 3-4 buds. The cut is made with a sharpened instrument, previously disinfected in any way. The leaves from below must be removed, and the top ones only need to be cut in half.
It is preferable to choose shoots 1 cm thick. Thin and very thick ones should not be taken, their survival rate is worse.
ATTENTION!
The top cut should be straight, the bottom should be oblique. The most optimal distance from a straight cut to the upper bud is 3 cm. An oblique cut is made immediately under the lower bud.
How to grow a rose from cuttings using different methods
Today, flower growers have tried many methods of rooting cuttings. We have selected the most effective ones.
Rooting in water
Some advise taking boiled water. However, such water is considered “dead” for the plant, and therefore useless. Therefore, for an antiseptic effect, it is better to use the old method - a piece of charcoal thrown into water. Such water will not bloom.
Rooting stimulants are added to a container of water before the cutting is lowered into it.
Cover the top of the container with either polyethylene or foil, leaving a hole for the cutting.
ATTENTION!
The vessel with water must not be placed in direct sunlight!
The water must be changed and topped up periodically.
The cuttings with roots are replanted after three weeks. The length of young roots is 5 cm. The most important thing is that planting must be done extremely carefully, since the roots that appear in the water are not adapted to the soil conditions.
Rooting in pots
You can grow a rose from a bouquet, just like from an adult bush, by rooting a cutting in a pot. In this case, the survival rate approaches 100%; the bush grown in this way blooms earlier.
A correctly prepared cutting is lowered with an oblique cut into the substrate diagonally and the soil is compacted around it. Caring for the cuttings consists of maintaining the level of humidity, watering and fertilizing. It is better to put a cap made of a plastic bag on the cutting. Once a day, the cap is raised for 10 minutes for ventilation. Watering is moderate, as the substrate dries. Fertilizing is done carefully, at the rate of 10 drops of fertilizer per 1 liter of water, once every two weeks. The soil around the cuttings should not be loosened. When leaves appear, the cap can be gradually removed.
Method for rooting roses in a pot
Germination in a potato tuber
How else can you plant a rose from a bouquet? We answer: using potatoes. Medium or large healthy tubers are pierced to the center and all eyes are removed. The cuttings are lowered into the recess of the tuber and planted in the ground outside or in a pot at home. Potatoes protect the emerging roots from drying out, and at the same time nourish the future rosette.
Growing in a bag
The cuttings are placed in a bag strewn with disinfected damp soil or moss. In order for humidity to be established in it, it needs to be inflated and put in a dark place. Roots will appear in 4 weeks. Then the plant is ready for planting.
The second method of growing in a bag is called "burrito". The cuttings are soaked in water for a day, and then placed on damp newspaper, which is then wrapped tightly and placed in a bag. The package is placed in a place with a constant temperature of 18-20 degrees.
Once a week, the bag of cuttings is checked to remove blackened material and moisten the soil, moss or newspaper.
Preparation of seedlings
It is recommended to plant roses in the fall; before spring they will have time to adapt to the new place; if they are transplanted early, they will take root slightly.
Before planting, it is advisable to disinfect the seedlings in a solution of copper sulfate - 30 g per 10 liters of water, dip for 20-30 minutes or in a solution of funlazole.
Planting a rose in a permanent place
From a cut rose you can grow a beautiful bush, which needs to be given a permanent place. We already know how to grow roses from cuttings, now we’ll figure out the further growth of the new plant.
In order for the transplantation of rooted material into open ground conditions to be successful, it is worth paying the utmost attention to this matter.
ATTENTION!
A newly transplanted rose requires regular soil moisture, which should not be confused with watering! Excess moisture will cause the plant to rot.
Prepare the soil in advance: light and nutritious soil is diluted with river sand or vermiculite. Mineral and organic fertilizers in the form of humus, added in advance and mixed with soil, will allow your bush to become a real queen of the garden.
Feeding in the first year is carried out in 4 doses. You cannot immediately add fresh bird droppings or manure; such substances must be diluted with water in a ratio of 1 to 10.
Planting roses in the soil must be very careful
Diseases
Unfavorable conditions or improper care can cause rose diseases. More often, plants are affected by powdery mildew, rust, black spot, and chlorosis. Fungal infections are destroyed with fungicides, and chlorosis is an indicator of a deficiency of a chemical element in the soil, usually iron. In this case, a soil analysis and replenishment of the missing substance is necessary.
These are the features of agricultural technology for growing the most exquisite and beautiful garden crop - the bush rose. A little effort and following simple recommendations will allow you to change the garden interior, decorating the area with an excellent crop - the queen of the plant world.
Rules for caring for planted cuttings
Roses in the garden always require care, which consists of several points:
- mulching and fertilizing;
- watering;
- pest control and possible diseases;
- trimming bushes.
The meaning of mulching is to cover the surface layer of soil with various materials to retain moisture, loosen the soil and enrich it with useful substances, and also as an obstacle to the growth of weeds. Mulch for roses should be selected in such a way as not to disturb the acidity level of the soil.
Needles contribute to soil acidification, and fresh sawdust takes up a large amount of nitrogen.
You can use last year's sawdust, dry grass and compost. The mulch layer gradually decomposes, so when the mulch material settles, we add a new one.
fertilizing no earlier than a month after planting in good soil. It is better to choose a complex fertilizer for roses. Further feeding is carried out every 3 weeks. The last one will be in August. It should be a nitrogen-free fertilizer with a high phosphorus content.
watered regularly. The main rule is that it is better to water less often and abundantly than often and a little. Water must completely reach all areas of the root system.
The rose is very responsive to irrigation in the morning and evening hours.
Pest control consists of mechanically removing aphids, slugs, caterpillars, bugs and treating the plant with insecticides.
Diseases develop in conditions of high humidity. Powdery mildew, gray rot, rust. The rose grower's arsenal should include fungicides, Bordeaux mixture, iron sulfate and laundry soap. Before treating a diseased plant, all its damaged parts are destroyed: buds, flowers, leaves and even shoots.
Spider mites attack only in dry and hot weather. The plant is treated with an insecticide at intervals of 6-7 days.
All unripe shoots, buds, and flowers are trimmed Cut the shoot obliquely, leaving 2-3 dormant buds, on a sunny, dry day at the end of October.
Diseases and pests
Some varieties of roses are immune to diseases and pests, but there is still a risk of infection.
Flowers often suffer from:
- Powdery mildew. The manifestations are easy to notice: a white coating is visible on the foliage and shoots. The disease affects plants grown in greenhouses or at home. Powdery mildew progresses quickly, and therefore infected plants should be removed immediately. It is recommended to dig up the soil and sleep with the ash.
- Rust. The disease appears in the spring. Brown spots are visible on the front side of the leaves, and clusters of orange-colored spores appear on the inside, which turn black as summer approaches. After infection, the leaves begin to fall off and the stems change color from green to brown. Areas of the plant that have been affected by rust must be removed. You can cope with the disease by watering roses with a decoction of field ivy.
- Black spot. Manifestations of the disease become noticeable at the end of summer - in August. Black spots with an orange frame appear on the leaves. Over time, the same spots spread to the stems. The bush is losing its leaves. If the disease is not treated in time, the plant will die. Watering with a decoction of field ivy solves the problem.
The insects that most often attack roses are spider mites and aphids. If the pests are few in number, you can get rid of aphids manually, or simply by washing the leaves of the plant with a soapy solution. If there are a lot of pests, it is better to switch to using chemicals. Spider mites can be eliminated by sprinkling the plant with tobacco or wiping and watering with wormwood infusion.
If roses do not have enough nitrogen in the soil, the plants will begin to turn yellow. Manifestations will be noticeable from the bottom of the bush, and the leaves will fall off. If a yellow color appears on the edges of the leaves, then the roses need potassium. The problem can be solved: it is necessary to add fertilizers to the soil based on the required minerals - nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and others.
Anyone can plant roses if they wish. Even a beginner in gardening can cope with growing these unpretentious flowers. The right choice of seedlings, planting, proper care - and your plot will be full of bright colors and delight you with a pleasant aroma.
The nuances of growing different varieties of roses
Varieties of garden queen have their own care requirements.
Climbing varieties
They require a sunny, ventilated place with the possibility of shelter for the winter. If you want to plant such a rose against a wall, then step back half a meter from it. This rose does not tolerate stagnant water. Climbing Clumber varieties are pruned for the winter, and Ramblers are winterized by pinning to the ground.
Climbing varieties of roses are good for decorating gazebos, arches and walls of houses
Ground cover
Their peculiarity is that there is no need for winter pruning. They also do not need to be covered if the snow cover in the place of growth is high. This beauty blooms very profusely, so it really needs feeding. Does not tolerate swampy soils and excess moisture. Pruning of the plant is carried out every 6-7 years in order to rejuvenate the bush.
Ground cover varieties of roses are used to decorate areas
Park roses
The most drought-resistant and undemanding. They prefer loamy soil, but without excess moisture. Light-loving, but tolerate shading for a small part of the day.
Park roses are unpretentious and require less watering
Floribunda
An unpretentious frost-resistant variety with a long flowering period. Wide variety of color shades. The planting site should be sunny and protected from drafts. Roses are demanding on nutrition, so they are planted at a distance of at least 40 cm from each other and fed well.
Floribunda roses are frost-resistant and bloom for a long time
Home varieties
Many varieties of roses are grown at home. The peculiarities of cultivation are that such flowers also need a period of rest. From the end of November it will lose all its foliage. The pot is placed in a cool room (from +4 to +12 degrees Celsius). Water moderately when the soil dries out. Home beauties awaken in mid-February.
Do not make the rose suffer near heating radiators!
Roses growing at home can be combined with each other
