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To quickly and effortlessly tidy up a summer cottage or local area, brush cutters are used. Their most intensive use occurs in the warm season. Before work, preparations are made - lubrication of moving parts, checking and replacing the cutting set, refueling with the fuel mixture. Not everything always goes smoothly - the engine may not start or stall almost immediately. To identify and repair faults, look at the attached documentation. The article will discuss the repair of lawn mowers, with photos and illustrations, as well as its most common malfunctions.
Petrol mower device
The main element is an internal combustion engine, usually a two-stroke one. Connected to it through a gearbox is a shaft that transmits force to the cutting headset and is covered by a tubular rod. The cutting part in the form of knives or fishing line rotates at high speed (10-13 thousand rpm). The protective casing has technological holes for lubricant supply. For comfortable use, the brush cutter is equipped with a belt.
There are two types of cutting elements:
- Line with a cross section of 1.6-3 mm for the trimmer head. During operation, the fishing line wears out, and either the bobbin with fishing line is replaced, or the fishing line is rewinded and replaced.
- Double-edged steel knives for cutting small bushes, or thick and dense vegetation. The difference between them is both in shape and sharpening.
The handle attached to the bar is equipped with buttons and levers for controlling the lawn mower. A protective casing is installed on the cutting mechanism.
Refueling is done into an existing tank, mixed in the required proportions with gasoline and oil, and gasoline is used with an octane number of at least 92. Gasoline mowers with a four-stroke internal combustion engine are refueled differently - gasoline is refueled separately, oil is poured into the crankcase separately.
Carburetor repair
When inspecting the carburetor, you should pay attention to the possible leakage of the fuel used; to identify carburetor problems, the following measures must be taken:
- purging the fuel hose to eliminate possible clogging of the element;
- checking and replacing the gasket located between the engine and carburetor;
- determination of tightness and maintaining constant pressure in the unit.
If necessary, you can disassemble and thoroughly clean the unit yourself, using gasoline; cleaning the nozzle and channels is carried out using compressed air.
It is impossible to start the engine - reasons
The first thing to do is check whether there is gasoline in the tank, and if so, what quality it is. The use of low-quality or low-octane gasoline leads to failure of the piston system. Repairing a piston trimmer will cost almost half of its total cost. The correct proportion of gasoline and oil, given in the attached operating instructions for the tool, is also important.
Making a large amount of the mixture is undesirable, since it becomes unusable over time. You should not use an old mixture that has been standing for some time.
The engine may not start if the fuel filter is seriously clogged. If it is severely clogged, it must be replaced. Do not use the trimmer with the fuel filter disconnected. The air filter may be clogged. In this case, it is washed with water and detergent and dried, or in extreme cases, soaked in gasoline. After installation, the dried filter is moistened with the oil used in the mixture.
If after the above measures the internal combustion engine does not start, it is adjusted at idle speed using a screw on the carburetor.
Is it possible to make a coil for a trimmer with your own hands?
There are a large number of trimmer heads (not automatic) on sale, which are low priced and of good quality. But sometimes situations arise, for example, at the dacha, when the trimmer reel is broken and repair is impossible, the store is far away, and you need to mow. In this case, you can quickly, literally in a few minutes, make a simple trimmer attachment for securing a fishing line from ordinary plywood 10-12 mm thick.
- Take a piece of plywood or PCB and draw a circle on it with a diameter of about 14 cm.
- Cut out the disc using a jigsaw or hacksaw.
- Drill a hole in the center of the disk that matches the diameter of the gearbox shaft. Do not forget to put a washer on it before installing the disk on the shaft.
- You can screw small corners along the edges of the disk or make 1-2 holes on opposite sides. They will serve to thread fishing line into them.
- To secure the fishing line, you can screw several screws into the plywood.
This homemade mowing attachment is secured to the shaft with a nut. It is impossible to tighten or unscrew the nut without fixing the shaft. To replace the cord, it will be enough to loosen the screws, insert a piece of fishing line of the required length and press it again.
Also, the mowing attachment for attaching the fishing line to it can be made from a metal sheet. You can understand how to do this from the following video.
Quick start of the brush cutter
The procedure is as follows:
- Putting the lawn mower down with the air filter facing up, remove it and pour a little mixture into the carburetor and put the filter back on.
- If after the above procedure it is not possible to start the brush cutter, you need to check the spark plug. The internal combustion chamber is dried and the spark plug is replaced with a working one.
- If the spark plug is working, proceed as follows. Close the air damper on the carburetor and pull the starter handle. Open the damper and pull the handle 3-4 times. The process is repeated several times.
Breakdown of the starter and gearbox
The gearbox transmits torque from the motor shaft to the cutting tool; during operation, its gears must be absolutely clean and always lubricated with a special lubricant.
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Carrying out a technical inspection on your own once a season will eliminate the need to repair the gearbox or replace it, with the purchase of an expensive new unit.
A starter is necessary to bring the trimmer into working condition; its diagnosis consists of checking the tension of the cord engaged with the teeth of the starter coil, which are often destroyed during a sudden start.
A non-working starter in a lawn mower cannot be repaired; it must be replaced with a working unit as part of a mandatory technical inspection or a set of repair measures.
The cutting elements require special attention and care; they must always be cleaned of dirt and mown grass after use. Regular inspection and thorough preparation of the device for operation will help you avoid expensive and time-consuming repairs, and always be confident in the functionality of the lawn mower.
Spark plug malfunction - action algorithm
They act this way:
- let the engine sit to cool down;
- remove the high voltage wire from the spark plug and unscrew it with a special wrench;
- after inspecting the spark plug, it is replaced if it is heavily soiled, there is a crack in the body or any other malfunction;
- check the gap between the electrodes, it is ideally 0.6 mm;
- clamp the new spark plug using a special key;
- connect a high voltage wire to the spark plug.
