Lilies (EN: Lilies) lily wallpapers, pictures, download 651 desktop wallpapers. Beautiful free photos of flowers for your desktop

Lilies, captivating with their amazing aroma, are not inferior in elegance and beauty to the rose, which is called the queen of gardens. The flower, which grows from a bulb, like tulips and hyacinths, unites numerous species and varieties into a family; it is found naturally in western China, Burma, southern Tibet, and grows naturally in North America. For a long time, Russian flower growers and hobbyists did not dare to grow lilies, considering this ornamental crop too demanding. Hybrid varieties, created by breeders from different countries, are accepted in unfavorable conditions, delight with an abundance of shades, and captivate with their sophisticated and refined appearance.

What colors are there?

Depending on the variety, the height of the ornamental crop ranges from 50 cm to 2 meters. On the long stem of lilies there are narrow lanceolate leaves, at the top buds are formed in the form of:

• bell;
• calyxes;
• funnels;
• tubes;
• stars;
• turbans.

The variety of colors and shades of the petals, forming graceful corollas, amazes. In addition to white, yellow, pink, crimson, lilac, black, purple, and apricot lilies, there are varieties with specks that are scattered throughout the flower, in some places, and differ in shape, size, and color.

Classification

When crossing wild lilies that are found in the foothills, in forest clearings, on slopes covered with grass, more than 2 thousand hybrids of a perennial crop appeared, which caused confusion among breeders when classifying a flower as a lily species, causing difficulties in choosing varieties for cultivation among amateurs and gardeners.

Jan de Graaf, who himself was engaged in breeding flowers, decided to divide the decorative culture into groups. The classification of lilies, created by an American breeder, in which plants are grouped based on origin, was accepted as international in 1964 and is used now, but clarifications and additions have been made. Lilies that are included in the same group require the same or similar conditions for breeding.

The classification consists of 9 sections, which include varieties and types of lilies, which are combined into 8 groups among them:

• American;
• tubular;
• long-flowered;
• eastern;
• Asian;
• curly;
• snow-white.

The ninth section of the international qualification is devoted to wild lilies that are found in natural conditions and cultivated ones that are used in gardening and landscape design.

Group 8, called interspecific hybrids, includes representatives of the Liliaceae family that were not included in the previous sections, which differ in smell, different number of flowers, and variety of shades.

Reproduction

Most often, two types of lily propagation are used - division and seeds.

Generative propagation by seeds

When sowing seeds, the first flowers appear after 3–5 years. Lilies grown in this way do not inherit the characteristics of the mother plant. This option is used by breeders creating new varieties.

Vegetative propagation by division

The most common propagation option, in which the properties of the mother plant are reproduced. In the fall, the daughter bulbs are separated from the central bulb and planted in a new location. With good care, flowers can take 3 years to appear.

In some species, small aerial bulbs are formed in the axils of old leaves. They are collected in August. Place in moistened peat and store at room temperature in a dark place. In winter the temperature is reduced. Planted in the ground in the spring.

Cultivated species

Lily varieties created by breeders fill gardens and parks with aroma, are used to decorate floral arrangements, and decorate country and suburban areas.

Asian

One of the most numerous groups of ornamental crops includes lilies, which are characterized by resistance to fungal diseases and take root in climates where winter temperatures drop to -30°. Among Asian hybrids there are varieties both 50 cm tall and taller than one and a half meters. The flowers in this group love sunny areas, grow well on neutral fertile soils, on soils with low acidity, bloom profusely in one place for 4 years, open buds at the end of June.

The bowl-shaped corollas surprise with their variety of colors; there are varieties with black and tricolor petals. In funnel-shaped lilies, bell-shaped flowers are directed to the sides, in cuboid lilies - upward.

Hybrids resulting from crossing Asian species of bulbous perennials do not require special care and are easily propagated. Represent a group of lily varieties:

• Sphinx with double flowers of a rich red hue;
• Fata Morgana with bright yellow corollas with a diameter of 16 cm;
• Brushmark with contrasting spots on the petals, reminiscent of a brush stroke.
• Santander with graceful snow-white flowers.

Asiatic lilies react negatively to the addition of excess organic matter and die when moisture stagnates. The disadvantage of garden flowers combined in a group is considered to be the lack of smell.

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Martagon

Curly hybrids obtained from 5 species of lilies, which are common in Europe, are found in the north and east of Asia, where they create picturesque massifs and are distinguished by their high growth. The varieties that are presented in the group called Martagon attract attention with elegant pyramidal-shaped inflorescences, consisting of 30 or even 50 small corollas with upward-curved petals, creating the effect of a floating cloud.

On the early varieties of curly lilies, the buds, painted in scarlet, orange, peach shades, and pure white, bloom at the end of June, captivating with a delicate aroma in which cold notes are felt.

Among the Martagon hybrids, gardeners choose for growing:

• Terrace City with wax petals forming a golden turban;
• Claude Schride with many wine-colored flowers and bright orange anthers;
• Arabian Knight with burgundy and chocolate buds.

Curly small lilies tolerate 25-degree frosts and grow not only in the sun, but also in the shade. When moisture stagnates, martagons are affected by fusarium.

Candidum

They require shelter for the winter, are demanding in terms of care, soil and lighting, varieties of white lilies with inflorescences in the shape of a cone or pyramid, crowned with a brush. The tubular corollas of candidum, blooming 30 pieces on one stem, are distinguished by the correct symmetry of the lines, which seems to be emphasized by golden anthers.

Snow-white flowers, reaching a length and diameter of 12 cm, envelop even remote corners of the garden with a fragrant aroma and amaze with their sophisticated appearance in reality and in the photo. Candidum is used to decorate recreation areas, create ceremonial compositions, and romantic ensembles.

A representative of the group called Apollo grows up to 1.2 m in height; black dots stand out in the middle of the tubular flowers, which bloom in June and reach a diameter of 12 cm.

American

Hybrids, whose ancestors grew wild in the prairies on grassy slopes and the edges of deciduous forests of North America, are demanding of care, require shelter for the winter, regular irrigation, and love shaded areas. The stem of these lilies reaches a height of 2 m. The tubular flowers or bells of American hybrids amaze with a variety of shades; in many varieties, the entire petal is dotted with large specks or painted in 2 colors. The brightest representative of the group, called Afterglow, is distinguished by its 2-meter height, crimson corollas, on the petals of which there are dark spots, which are clearly visible even in the photo.

Long-flowered

Hybrid forms that come from lilies that are naturally found in the tropical climate of the Japanese Islands, in temperate latitudes, take root only in greenhouses, are grown in pots, are not adapted to the cold, and reproduce only vegetatively. The corollas of long-flowered lilies, whose stem height rarely exceeds 1 m, enchant with their graceful form, snow-white color, delicate aroma that fills the space, and look great in bouquets

The variety called White Haven, which, like many representatives of the group, blooms twice a year - in June and autumn, the middle of the snow-white corolla is green, the buds droop, the petals curl slightly.

Tubular and Orleans

Yellow, pink, orange, cream lilies with elongated and cuboid-shaped flowers, the inside of which is lighter than the outside, were obtained by breeders by crossing different types of perennials with tubular inflorescences. Plants overwinter normally in cold climates, are resistant to viruses and fungal diseases, but are afraid of spring frosts.

One bulb of Orleans hybrids produces 2 stems with racemose inflorescences up to 18 cm long. A variety called African Queen, growing up to 140 cm in height, attracts gardeners with its rich aroma, bright apricot hue, and petals decorated with brown strokes.

Interspecific hybrids

Lilies that were not included in the previous 7 groups are combined in section 8. The first letters in the name of hybrids, which are bulbous plants with original and very beautiful flowers, indicate the species from which they originated - long-flowered, oriental, Asian.

Many varieties of lilies, classified in a group called interspecific hybrids, bloom twice a year, grow in temperate latitudes without shelter, exhibit increased frost resistance, and do not require special care.

La hybrids

Plant forms obtained by complex crossing of Asian and long-flowered varieties, with the correct choice of variety, are accepted and bloom in central Russia. La hybrids, which were first presented at the exhibition in 1990, do not require shelter in frosty winters, are unpretentious in care, and are similar in biological characteristics to Asian varieties.

Terry lilies with large flowers with a diameter of 18 to 25 cm, directed upwards or to the sides and consisting of dense petals, are used for cutting and forcing, and are planted in pots.

La hybrids emit a light and pleasant aroma, have a variety of colors from white and pink to combined, varieties with specks have been bred, changing color with age.

OT hybrids

By crossing oriental and tubular plant species, breeders managed to create a large number of varieties with large flowers and strong shoots up to 180 cm high.

On one stem, OT hybrids form up to 30 buds of various colors, which, when blooming, spread an aroma reminiscent of the smell of trumpet lilies, but more delicate. Flowers are grown in the garden, placed next to fruit trees, and used for cutting.

Lo hybrids

By triple crossing capricious long-flowered species that do not take root well in open ground, and oriental hybrid forms adapted for cultivation in temperate climates, a group of varieties called Lo hybrids was created. Flowers up to 150 cm high have powerful shoots, on which long leaves with a glossy shine are densely located.

Lo hybrids differ in the color of the buds and the shape of the flower, but they also have common features:

• do not tolerate stagnation of moisture;
• does not require transplantation until 7 years of age;
• grow in sun and partial shade.

The characteristics of the variety are influenced by which type of lily was dominant during the crossing. Plants are grown in different regions of Russia, but in Siberia and the Urals, where the summer is short, the flowers bloom no earlier than July. When there is a sharp cold snap, lilies become infected with a fungal infection; in severe frosts in winter they often freeze even under cover.

OA hybrids

They feel comfortable in mid-latitudes, reproduce easily, and practically do not get sick from plants that have adopted unpretentiousness and resistance to frost from Asian species; they have borrowed the graceful flower shape and velvet petals from the Eastern species. OA hybrids have appeared recently and are not yet pleasing with the number of varieties and variety of shades; they are mainly presented in orange, yellow, and pink. The flowers are not as large as the oriental varieties that took part in complex crossings, but they last a long time when cut.

The best varieties combined into OA hybrids include Kavery, which attracts attention because the elegant petals that form a large flower have a crimson color that first turns orange and acquires an amber tint at the tips.

Blue varieties

Often, online stores selling flowers offer customers to familiarize themselves with a catalog where varieties of lilies are presented with photos and names. In addition to plants with inflorescences of yellow, burgundy, purple, pink or lilac colors, there are also original, but still not bred, blue lilies. Japanese breeders are working on the creation of such flower varieties, which they promise to show their creation to the world in the near future.

Craftsmen from stores process photographs in programs to obtain a blue tint, offering customers blue lilies that do not exist in nature, were not created by breeders, but look amazing in the photo.

Tiger varieties of lilies

Although orange, white, red, and lilies are grown more often in summer cottages and suburban areas than other varieties of decorative perennials, tiger varieties with drooping flowers about 10 cm in diameter, consisting of speckled fiery red or yellow petals, are becoming popular among gardeners.

Hybrid forms up to 1.2 m high called Tigrinum, obtained by crossing the tiger lily with other members of the family, form double flowers of a pastel shade, which bloom in the second half of summer. Heat-loving varieties with original colors in the middle zone need shelter for the winter and are often grown in pots.

Wild varieties of lilies

Species-specific bulbous perennials appeared without the participation of breeders, were created by nature and grow in forests, swampy areas, on mountain slopes, in dachas and gardens and take root when similar conditions are created.

The wild variety, named after the writer O Henry, grows up to 2 m and forms inflorescences consisting of 2 dozen buds. Light green stripes will stand out on the yellow and orange petals.

The curly lily is distinguished by its turban-shaped pink-lilac corollas, dotted with dark specks.

By mid-June, an erect, densely leafy perennial called Daurian lily blooms on the slopes of hills, tall grass meadows and forest edges. Flowers, up to 10 cm in diameter, are formed by bent red, orange, yellow petals with small spots, collected in inflorescences of 3–5 pieces.

Tree lily plants

By crossing tubular and oriental species of perennial, Canadian breeders created a plant of striking beauty and elegance, reaching a height of 2.5 m. The shoots of the lily tree reveal many fragrant pink corollas with a diameter of 30 cm, consisting of tubular or turban-shaped petals.

Description of the best varieties and their shades

Looking through photos of lilies, captivating with their graceful large flowers, it is difficult to determine which of them are the most beautiful, and people have different tastes. Some people like varieties with tall stems and rare purple, chocolate, lilac flowers, others are attracted to white lilies, which look exquisite in a bouquet.

The Lionheart, which is an Asian species, is recognized by its purple color, which appears black at the base and turns yellow at the tips of the petals. The peduncle, growing up to 80 cm, consists of 8 or 10 corollas that bloom gradually.

Marlene is no less beautiful than her name. On an elegant stem that grows up to a meter in height, in the first half of summer, delicate flowers open, consisting of beige petals with rich pink edges.

The Magic Star, which is considered one of the best varieties of lilies representing the eastern group, is distinguished by:

• the original structure of the flower;
• lush buds consisting of wavy petals;
• combination of pink and white colors;
• presence of dark spots.

The lily, to which Canadian breeders gave the name Northern Carillon, forms up to 20 flowers with a diameter of 30 cm on one stem. The tips of the pastel pink petals are bent like bells.

Shocking, which is used for cutting and for decorating flower beds and compositions, pleases not only with a large number of pale yellow flowers with a red center, but also with dense foliage.

A variety called Indian Diamond, growing up to one and a half meters in height, forms an orange inflorescence at the top of the stem, consisting of 7–9 buds, which, when cut, produces an elegant bouquet.

When studying before purchasing bulbs for planting lily varieties, photos and names of which are presented in the store catalogue, summer residents and gardeners often choose:

Barbados with large flowers forming pink petals decorated with a white border;

Casablanca with elegant buds, turning into snow-white corollas, forming a luxurious inflorescence;

Cab Dazzle with a rich yellow color and small inclusions at the base.

Dwarf lilies, which are often grown in containers and pots, are planted in the foreground of flower beds, placed in groups in tubs, and bloom profusely indoors in winter. Lily Mona Lisa, which is considered one of the most attractive low-growing varieties, surprises with the size of fragrant flowers, reaching a diameter of 20 cm; the soft pink petals of which they are composed are decorated with a white border and dotted with crimson specks.

Aphrodite

This unusually beautiful lily comes from Holland. Aphrodite has large double flowers with elongated petals of a soft pink color without inclusions. 20-30 pieces are collected in one inflorescence. The width of the bush is about 50 cm.

Truths and myths about modern hybrid varieties

By the beginning of the 21st century, there were 110 species of lilies, 10 thousand varieties, but breeders continue to work on creating new forms. The flowers of garden plants come in a variety of shades, but the blue and dark blue lilies that are offered to customers at the market or in a store do not actually exist. There are no columnar or pyramidal hybrids, and varieties of lines that have changed the shape of flowers as a result of mutation are passed off as spherical varieties.

Medicinal herbs that are found in nature relieve inflammation, eliminate pain, accelerate wound healing; varietal lilies and hybrid forms are ornamental crops and do not provide a therapeutic effect; they are not used in medicine.

An anomaly that caused persistent confusion

In nature, there is a known phenomenon when several growth points of plants grow together under the influence of various factors. These can be stems, the main stem and side shoots. The peduncle becomes wide, but flat, has a ribbon-like shape, and a record large number of buds are formed on its often ribbed surface. Moreover, the stem of such a plant can twist, its branching is different from usual. This phenomenon is called fasciation - from the Latin “fascia”, which means bandage, strip.

The causes of fascia may be:

• the use of bioregulators, growth stimulants, and granular mineral fertilizers when growing plants;
• unfavorable factors and disruptions during plant growth: damage to the bulb or sprouts, viral or bacterial infection, pesticides or radiation;
• gene mutations due to sudden changes in lighting, temperature, humidity, etc.

How do Asian hybrids differ from oriental ones?

Although in the photo it is easy to find similarities in the appearance of lilies representing different groups, exquisite orientals differ from Asian varieties in both color and flowering period, are more often susceptible to disease, and are capricious in care.

Fragrant oriental lilies bloom in mid-August, while Asian lilies open their buds at the end of June. The color of large graceful flowers, by which Orientals are recognized, is represented by pink and crimson shades; yellow is rare. Wide petals end in wavy edges.

The smaller, odorless flowers of Asian varieties are distinguished by their bright colors, orange, red, and yellow shades predominate, but white and pink petals are not uncommon, which are not as large as those of the oriental varieties.

Tinos

This spectacular lily has gained popularity due to the unusual color of the flower: yellow-orange and crimson strokes are applied to the white or cream bud, as if with a brush. As a rule, 6-7 flowers appear on one strong stem.

Accounting for climate zone

Long-flowered varieties, which were created by breeders by crossing lilies growing on tropical islands, take root in greenhouse conditions in mid-latitudes. Representatives of the Candidum group, American and Orleans hybrids are characterized by low winter hardiness.

What varieties of lilies are suitable for the middle zone

Asian species of plants do not freeze when the temperature drops to -35°, are rarely affected by fungal diseases, are represented by many varieties, and after planting do not require special care. In the Moscow region, in Siberia, these lilies are grown in open ground.

Interspecific hybrids overwinter in the middle zone, but in regions with severe frosts, flowers growing in the garden need shelter.

Rules of care

This flower does not require care. It needs to be watered on time and weeds removed. During intensive growth, lilies need a lot of moisture. However, you should try not to flood the plant, as it does not like excessive dampness. On hot summer days, watering is carried out in the morning and evening hours, and it is recommended to mulch the soil so that it does not dry out very quickly.

The first feeding is carried out in the spring after the shoots appear. When flowering begins, lilies are fed with phosphorus-potassium fertilizer. The fertilizers needed for fertilizing can be purchased at a specialized store.

Often, hybrid oriental lilies tolerate winter very poorly. It is recommended to cover such a flower in rainy weather, this will prevent the soil from getting too wet and the development of rot on the bulbs. Lilies need to be ventilated only when the sun is shining.

Lack of flowering may be a consequence of deep planting. The rapid wilting of flowers is associated with overheating of the soil. In this case, its surface must be mulched.

Only one pest can appear on a plant - the lily beetle. It is recommended to collect it manually. The fact is that chemical treatment can significantly spoil the appearance of foliage.

When the lily fades, you need to wait a while and only then collect the seeds. Watering is carried out until late autumn or before transplantation.

Bulbs must be stored correctly. So, the bulbs should be cleaned from the soil and dried.

How to choose

The number of varieties of ornamental plants in stores and on the market is amazing, however, in order not to be disappointed after purchasing a bulb for planting, you should pay attention not only to the colorful photo of the flower. First, it is advised to choose a group of plants, instead of oriental and trumpet varieties for the garden; novice gardeners are better off buying unpretentious Asiatic lilies. In strong and healthy bulbs:

• scales fit tightly;
• no damage or rot;
• the bottom is dry and clean.

Flowers take root quickly and overwinter without problems when planted at the end of September. Bulbs with long shoots, placed in the soil in the spring, often bloom the following year.

Eucharis flowering

The beginning of flowering does not correspond to a specific seasonal period of time. Representatives of various species of Eucharis can bloom in any month of the year , which is due to their genetic predisposition.

In one year, plant specimens can form buds two or three times. Each flowering is followed by a short period of dormancy, and then growth again.

An individual corolla of an Amazonian lily remains decorative for almost a week , and the entire flowering can last about 3 weeks.

Beginning flower growers often have a question: why their Eucharis does not bloom. The answer is simple - most often the lack of flowering is caused by a too large pot .

One has only to replace the flowerpot with a less voluminous one, and the flowering of Eucharis will not be long in coming. The reason may be the absence of a dormant period (you should take care of the conditions) or the single status of the bulb (plant several in one pot or wait until the children form) .

This video explains how to care for Eucharis and what needs to be done for the lily to bloom.

Forcing lilies at home

Garden flowers that are grown in open ground delight with bright colors for a short time. Low-growing orientals and Asian varieties feel normal at home and respond to care with luxurious flowers. To grow a lily in a room, pour substrate into a pot, plant 3-7 strong bulbs, and place it on a light windowsill. Caring for perennials at home is not difficult and consists of irrigation, fertilizing, and disease prevention.

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Emerging problems

The Amazon lily is a fairly resistant plant to various troubles. All Eucharis problems occur with specimens weakened due to care errors and are mostly solved by correcting maintenance methods.

• Eucharis does not bloom - what to do? – An analysis of the content system will help solve the problem. 1. Refusal to flower is possible if Eucharis does not have winter rest. – Care should be taken to create suitable conditions. 2. The plant is not able to bloom in a large pot . – It is necessary to transplant it into a vessel of suitable volume. 3. Only an onion with children can form an arrow. – This is a genetic feature and you just need to wait.
• Eucharis leaves turn yellow and die. – Consequences of violation of care regimes: sharp alternation of overdrying and overwatering of soil, exposure to drafts, strong temperatures fluctuations. – It is necessary to bring care methods to normal and carefully adhere to them

  
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• Why do Eucharis have limp leaves? – There are several reasons that caused this problem: cold conditions, dry soil, damage to the root system during replanting and drafts. – Care regimens should be reviewed and adjusted.
• The most common diseases are rot and spotting as a result of soil overflow. – It is necessary to adjust the watering and treat the plant with a fungicide.
• Parasites of Eucharis include spider mites, scale insects and thrips. – The plant must be quarantined and treated with an insecticide .

This video talks about the problem with Eucharis and shows its yellowed leaves

When and who developed the first lily hybrids

Martagon has long been grown in Mediterranean countries, but Asian varieties were introduced into the culture of European gardens in the 18th century. In 1844, 2 hybrid forms of the Beautiful lily were created in the USA. Biologists from Canada, Germany, and Holland studied and described varieties of Japanese, North American, and Chinese perennial species. In 1914, Michurin received the first Russian flower hybrid, which was given the name Violet. The scientist’s work was continued by the breeder Zalivsky, who created new varieties for cultivation in open ground in the middle zone, for forcing in greenhouse conditions.